晋南小麦红吸浆虫发生规律及防治对策

小麦红吸浆虫在土内有4种虫态,其分布以中层(7～13厘米)最多,下层(13～20厘米)次之,上层(0～7厘米)最少,20～38厘米仍有虫口分布.幼虫以上层为最多,中层次之、下层最少;圆茧以中,下层最多,上层很少;长茧及蛹以上层为最多,中、下层较少.成虫发生迟早及持续时间长短的关键因素是3～5月的降雨量,其中以4月下旬降雨最为重要.4月下旬降雨多,则成虫发生早,持续时间长,成虫发生盛期与小麦抽穗期相吻合的机会多,小麦受害重.在小麦抽穗前施一次长效农药封闭地面,可杀死不断上升地面的幼虫和蛹,阻止成虫羽化.     

A New Monte Carlo Method Based on State Analysis

A new Monte Carlo Method for system reliability evaluation is proposed in this paper. The repeated sampling of system states with relatively great probabilities is avoided in the simulation,thus the sampling efficiency is significantly improved. Besides,the negative correlations used in different trials can further reduce the estimated varinaces. The sparse matrix technique is employed to reduce the memory requirement and to save the computer time. Comparative studies show that the method proposed is of great value and the application to the IEEE reliability test system (power system) is successful.     

STATE VARIABLE METHOD FOR DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF HVDC SYSTEMS

A flexible mathematical model used for dynamic simulation studies of HVDC systems which is based on the stale variable method is presented, and the correspongding computer program has been implemented. Generality, easy to use, and suitable to run on microcomputers are the main features of the model and the computer program. Therefore the model is easy to be extended for application. An example is given in the paper to verily the coneclness of the model and the program.     

A PRIMARY STUDY ON A LIFTING PERFORMANCE CURVE ADAPTED FOR THE MECHANICAL LOAD MOMENT LIMITER

The condition when forces are applied to load mechnical mornent limiter of tow-er cranes is analysed and disctissed in this paper.A lifting performance curve adapted for the me-chanical load moment limiter is also obtained.And finally,the curve drawing method is explainedthrough the practical example.     

利用多种抗源选育小麦远丰139的研究

为了选育持久抗耐多种病害的小麦核心抗病种质,以奥地利黑麦、中间偃麦草和野生二粒小麦为抗源,采用单交、复合杂交、回交、阶梯式杂交等多种组配方式,将基因逐步累加、聚合到一起。选育中以不丢失抗性基因为前提,以抗旱耐寒为适应性选择的基本标准。育成的小麦新品系远丰139半冬性,耐寒、抗旱,株型结构好,产量高,品质好。经西北农林科技大学植保系鉴定对条锈病免疫,对白粉病和叶枯病高抗,中抗赤霉病。经农业部谷物品质检测中心分析,品质达到国标精制级面条用小麦粉标准。2005年陕西省区试较对照小偃22增产5.6%。     

小麦Glu-A1位点null和1亚基重组姊妹系间品质差异的研究

为了解小麦Glu-A1位点的null和1亚基间的遗传差异，对具有null和1亚基的8个重组姊妹系进行了品质差异的研究。结果表明，在Glu-A1位点为1亚基与其相应的null亚基的重组姊妹系间在蛋白质含量、湿面筋、SDS沉降值、硬度的平均值分别为16．65％／17．44％、29．38／32．00、36．09／40．68、50．56／51．42，均以null亚基的为高。研究结果为两种亚基在小麦品质育种中的亲本选配及其应用提供了参考依据。     

北方旱地土壤氮素平衡

北方大部分地区的旱地土壤中,农业氮素一般表现亏损,平衡强度约87%;园田土壤氮素略有盈余,平衡强度约123%.~(15)示踪研究表明,旱地土壤主要作物氮素利用率平均为27.04%,土壤残留24.79%,亏缺损失48.17%.园田主要蔬菜氮素和用率平均为29.11%,土壤残留22.67%,亏缺损失48.23%,其间差异很小.北方旱地施用铵态氮化肥主要损失是氨的挥发.影响氨挥发的因素有风速、温度、土壤水分、土壤质地、化肥品种.氮肥深施是防止氨挥发的有效方法.     

同步荧光法测定色氨酸

用同步荧光法测定了玉米、小麦、花粉等样品中的色氨酸.一般氨基酸分析用氨基酸分析仪和液相色谱仪,而色氨酸在酸解样品时被分解测不出.要测定色氨酸,需要重新制备样品,改变体系,比较繁杂.在多种氨基酸中仅有色氨酸、酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸有天然荧光,色氨酸的天然荧光最强,提供了直接测定的有利条件.用4N氢氧化钠碱解样品,在105℃时保温24小时,然后稀释,调pH为10.5—11之间,定容.最后用同步光谱扫描的办法测定,即激发波长和发射波长的单色器之间固定一定的波长差(Δλ=68nm),同时扫描,得到一个同步荧光光谱.其浓度和荧光强度有良好的线性关系,测定范围是0.01—0.20μg/ml.本方法弥补了在氨基酸测定中酸解样品时,色氨酸被分解测不出的不足,而且方法比较简单灵敏.